ABSTRACT
COVID-19 manifests as a viral respiratory disease that first was imported from Wuhan, Peoples Republic of China and then it spreads from human to human when they come in to contact everywhere in every continent. The response has been national and state governance with cooperation from the local government based on disaster management laws. The public health system became the frontline Corona Warriors and was respected by all for their services, but the system capacity was evaluated for its capability to have an unusually substantial number of patients. Many disciplines jointly must contribute a knowledge-based solution based on time-series data on infected, recovered and died as well as more reliable serum tests. When a nation declares one peak has reached the local data shows it has not and so local governance shall be the effective measure based on local data for COVID-19 governance. This book concentrates on local governance for COVID-19. This book believes that COVID-19 cannot be eliminated like smallpox or polio. It can appear and disappear seasonally like common cough and cold, with never-ending mutation of the virus, but it can cause deaths even after we had full vaccinations. The public health systems came out with preventive culture such as wearing masks, practising social distancing, washing hands with disinfectants etc. to combat this virus. The police were deployed to implement preventive measures enumerated above. In this process, both police and public health workers got infected and can even threaten the entire population with more deaths and collapse of the public health system. This book advocates concentrating on urban centres for COVID-19 because of high population density and public realms where the danger of COVID-19 spread from human contact is maximum. The use of humans for data collection and management involving surveys and analysis, policing and intervention of public health persons are all risky prepositions for the individuals involved. This book concentrates on the public realm for work and living and finds an alternate solution that can automate COVID-19 prevention methods with less human involvement. This book gives more importance to local governance based on local data and the use of tools available for local governance such as Master Plans, Zonal Plans, Public realm management using ICT-IoT systems, E-Democracy and E-government. These require modifications to the existing body of knowledge based on COVID-19 prevention capabilities. Hence zonal plans may get modified and non-human control of the public realm may be institutionalized. This chapter brings together the state of knowledge on all these discussed and the rest of the chapters use many of them to demonstrate locally based solutions based on locally generated data. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
ABSTRACT
This chapter has two parts. In the first part, the goals and the organizational details of the international collaborative research project ‘COVID-19: Containment, Life, Work and Restart: Regional Studies’ are discussed. In the second part in consultation with the team leaders of the area studies including the city study, their general conclusions of the area study on COVID-19 are presented. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
ABSTRACT
This chapter has two parts. In the first part, the goals and the organisational details of the international collaborative research project “COVID-19: Containment, Life, Work and Urban Restart” are discussed. In the second part in consultation with the team leaders of the area studies including the city study, their general conclusions of the area study on COVID-19 are presented. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 manifests as a viral respiratory disease that first was imported from Wuhan, People’s Republic of China, and then it spreads from human to human when they come into contact everywhere in every continent. The response has been national and state governance with cooperation from the local government based on disaster management laws. The public health system became the frontline Corona Warriors and was respected by all for their services, but the system capacity was evaluated for its capability to have an unusually substantial number of patients. Many disciplines jointly must contribute a knowledge-based solution based on time series data on infected, recovered and died as well as more reliable serum tests. When a nation declares one peak has reached, the local data shows it has not and so local governance shall be the effective measure based on local data for COVID-19 governance. This book concentrates on local governance for COVID-19. This book believes that COVID-19 cannot be eliminated like smallpox or polio. It can appear and disappear seasonally like common cough and cold, with never-ending mutation of the virus, but it can cause deaths even after we had full vaccinations. The public health systems came out with preventive culture such as wearing masks, practising social distancing, washing hands with disinfectants to combat this virus. The police were deployed to implement preventive measures enumerated above. In this process, both police and public health workers got infected and can even threaten the entire population with more deaths and collapse of the public health system. This book advocates concentrating on urban centres for COVID-19 because of high population density and public realms where the danger of COVID-19 spread from human contact is maximum. The use of humans for data collection and management involving surveys and analysis, policing and intervention of public health persons is all risky prepositions for the individuals involved. This book concentrates on the public realm for work and living and finds an alternate solution that can automate COVID-19 prevention methods with less human involvement. This book gives more importance to local governance based on local data and the use of tools available for local governance such as Master Plans, zonal plans, public realm management using ICT-IoT systems, E-Democracy and E-government. These require modifications to the existing body of knowledge based on COVID-19 prevention capabilities. Hence, zonal plans may get modified and non-human control of the public realm may be institutionalised. This chapter brings together the state of knowledge on all these discussed, and the rest of the chapters use many of them to demonstrate locally based solutions based on locally generated data. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.